Beyond ZK: Next Steps for Compliance and Constrained Encryption on Blockchains with Matthew D. Green

Beyond ZK: Next Steps for Compliance and Constrained Encryption on Blockchains with Matthew D. Green

Source: YouTube · a16z crypto · published Aug 22, 2023 · 1:07:48

Cybersecurity
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Description

Matt Greene explores how blockchains enable trusted execution environments (TEEs) and one-time programs 0:15. While zero-knowledge proofs allow reasoning about secret data owned by a single person, more advanced computations require joint processing of encrypted data 2:25. The key challenge with TEEs is maintaining state securely, as they're vulnerable to rollback attacks when state is stored externally 9:33.

Key Takeaways:
• Zero-knowledge proofs have limitations for complex applications and need additional cryptographic tools 5:00
• Blockchains can provide proof of publication that enables TEEs to maintain state securely 15:00
• With witness encryption and blockchains, we can theoretically build one-time programs 22:30

The evolution from zero-knowledge proofs to fully homomorphic encryption represents the hierarchy of computing on encrypted data, with blockchains serving as critical infrastructure 7:53.

Sources:

  • 0:15 Introduction to Matt Greene and the talk's focus on computing on encrypted data
  • 2:25 Limitations of zero-knowledge proofs for complex computations

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First 800 characters of the transcript

all right welcome everyone to uh today's a16z crypto research seminar very happy to introduce Matt Greene uh professor at Johns Hopkins University is super well known um from the blockchain space is an applied cryptographer more generally very ambitious uh talk title for us today we dialed it down a little bit beyond ZK yeah thank you um good so I changed the title of this talk I was gonna add all sorts of exciting stuff to lure people in like compliance and constraint encryption I dialed it down a little I'm going to talk a little bit more about different ways of computing on encrypted data and some of them have something to do with blockchains and some of them are non-blockchain related and this whole thing kind of fits together um because I have this kind of obsession with figuring out …